VIMAX Pills can enlarge your penis size up to 3-4 Inches in length and up to 25% in girth !penis enhancement excercises vimax herbal natural penis enlargement VIMAX Pills is a powerful natural herbal male enhancement formula that increases penis length and girth, sexual desire, sexual health and helps to achieve stronger erections. Combining the formulations of the type of herbs found in many parts of the world that have been proven to work for many years, you can now enjoy the full benefits of our product. Some of the same type of herbs found in Polynesia where the men of the Mangaian tribe have sex on the average of 3 times a night, every night. While this is not what you may wish, it is nice to know your sexual performance can improve substantially. After many years of medical Research and Development, our company is pleased to offer you a 100% Natural and Safe Product that can safely and permanently enlarge your penis size up to 3-4 Inches in length and up to 25% in girth. Discover what our "proven to work" formula can do for you by ordering today. Many men were skeptical at first but after they gave our pills a try their sex life and self esteem changed for the better.Our pills will improve your overall sexual health, make you feel younger and you will have more pleasurable orgasms. You can take one pill 2 times per day to keep the effects of VIMAX PILLS in your system and to promote virility enhancement. 100% Safe and Natural Herbal IngredientsEpunedum Sagitum or Horny Goat Weed - Known in China as Yin Yang Huo. Chinese top medical doctors report that horny goat weed boosts libido and improves erectile function. Used to restore sexual fire and allay fatigue. Saw Palmetto - Known to stimulate a low libido in males and to increase sexual energy. A compound in saw palmetto has aphrodisiac effects. Ginkgo - Medicinal use of ginkgo can be traced back 5,000 years in Chinese herbal medicine.The herb also increases blood flow to the genitals which improves sexual function. In one study 78% of a group of men with impotence reported significant improvement without side effects. Other Ingredients: Muira Puama (balsam), Velvet, Damiana (leaf), Cayenne (fruit), Oats (entire plant), Avena sativa, Ginseng (root), Panax Ginseng, Caltrop (fruit) Tribulus terrestris. pro fitness health solution bottle vimax pills VIMAX Pills helps you gain:
Do VIMAX Pills really work?We get many emails from our customers that say our pills helped them regain their sexual ego. It's up to you when to stop taking our pills since they are 100% safe and made from natural products. We had one customer write to us that he decided to stop the pills after he no longer felt embarrassed when making love. His penis used to be below average, 5 inches to be exact, now he is 7 inches and is fully satisfied. He wrote us saying that now his woman receives an orgasm 95% of the time they make love, before she could barely get excited. "I'm very grateful to Pillsexpert for bringing such miraculous changes to my life. Having gained 2.5 inches from the 4 months supply and became more passionate and sexually attractive I was even able to fix the relationship with my wife (we were on the verge of the divorce) by simply having great sex with her. I feel more confident now and …I'm just happy!!! You know how they say it: ”Miracles don't just happen, they are firstly very well prepared.” No doubt that your company put a lot of time and effort to start helping people. Thank you so much and good luck to you." Mark Andrew, FL pnis enlargement operation penis elargement surgery photo Why are we #1 on the market?Consider the difference between a 7, 8 or 9 inch penis that is thicker and a penis that is 4 to 6 inches and narrower. With a larger penis you penetrate more sensitive areas of the woman. Your longer penis probes deeper searching those special nerve endings. The added width to your penis fills and presses her from side to side to give your partner the most exhilarating sensations. The results are permanent. You control the growth because once you reach your optimum size you could stop taking VIMAX PILLS. We say you could stop taking VIMAX PILLS because it is not necessary to be larger then 9 inches. Most women can only comfortably accommodate a 9 inch penis. Anything larger than that may be too large for most women. Nine inches or more then 9 inches, the choice is yours. Unlike other clones, Vimax Pills are made from only high end ingredients available to bring you best results possible. We run a serious business and treat as such, unlike other companies that appear out of nowhere and then disappear with your money without ever sending you a product you paid for. cheapest pennis enlargement pills pennis enlargement excersizes Prices
Most of the orders placed before 1PM Eastern Standard Time are shipped the same day. |
||||||||||||
The drug called Viagra, as we all know is not limited to a small section of the society. It is a widely accepted drug with proven records of safety and satisfaction. It has been in market for over five years now. But there are cases where people suffer from some kind of discrepancies or complications after consuming the blue pill. People share both kinds of views regarding the acceptance of Viagra. The views could be the positive and the negative aspects related to the repercussions of the drug. There have been cases where people, after consuming the drug, have suffered from blindness. The number is very less though, ranging from 38 – 40 people, but the situation still needs to be addressed in some way or the other. Eye specialist from around the world had warned the FDA about the repercussions of the drug on eyes but no preventive measures were taken. The ultimate losers are the people who face the problems after consuming the drug. Eye specialists believe that Viagra may cause damage to some optic nerves because it affects the blood flow in major parts of the body, resulting in blindness. FDA (Food and Drug Administration) has reported that the recent cases of blindness may have been due to diabetes and heart problems that people carried before consuming the drug. However, it has been known that this problem does affect people suffering from ED but the damage is more lethal in people consuming the blue bill. The ED drugs work on the mechanism of transferring more blood to the penis. The amount of blood being limited results in improper distribution of blood to other parts of the body. This may be one of the causes of blindness in people consuming Viagra. Different surveys have revealed that people won’t be open to using the drug if the same problem persists and would look for a better alternative. Viagra manufacturers have realized the seriousness of the problem and would put in their efforts towards overcoming this discrepancy. The solution to the whole problem is very simple and practical. Firstly, the people with ED must consult their doctors before consuming the drug, especially those suffering from other diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular complexities. Secondly, there should be a comprehensive awareness program that would spread awareness among people affected by ED. People will have to be more cautious and alert before consuming the drug because they are the one who suffer from lethal side effects. top penis enlargment pills penis enlargement system do pnis enlargement pills really work compare penis elargement pills pnis enlargement doctor pennis enlargement patch penis enlagement before and after picture penile enlargement testimonials
There was a time in history when there was no awareness of the prostate let alone diagnosis and treatment. Countless numbers of men throughout the ages have suffered and died as a result of this ignorance. Through the miracles of modern medicine, today prostate disease is well defined and is no longer necessarily considered a death sentence. The most effective methods for handling prostate disease are knowledge and prevention. In our article here we will help you understand prostate disease, various diagnostic tools and provide recommendations for treatment. WHAT IS THE PROSTATE? The first step toward understanding how the prostate affects your health is to learn what the prostate is and how it functions. It is surprising how little many men know about such an important part of their anatomy. The prostate is an important segment of the male reproductive system. It is a gland that is located in the lower abdominal cavity, just below the bladder, in front of the rectum and behind the pubic bone. It partially surrounds the urethra. The urethra is the channel that carries urine to the penis from the bladder and it runs right through the prostate. A healthy prostate is about the size of a walnut, weighs approximately 1 ounce and is shaped similar to a donut. There are “seminal vesicles” that are attached to the prostate. They produce a protein that mixes with prostatic fluid which forms semen. How this works is that tubes from the testicles carry sperm up to the prostate where sperm is mixed with the seminal vesicle and prostatic fluids. This fluid is ejaculated during orgasm through ejaculatory ducts that connect to the urethra. In addition, the prostate helps to control the flow of urine. Nearly every man will experience some type of prostate problem during their lifetime. Men who are over forty-five may experience an enlargement of the prostate. While this is not a problem in itself, it is uncomfortable and can be a forerunner to other more serious maladies which we will discuss this further. SYMPTOMS OF PROSTATE PROBLEMS Enlargement of the prostate is called benign prostate hypertrophy, or BPH. While this growth is usually considered a nuisance, if a man experiences problems with burning, or difficult urination at any time, the prudent course of action is consulting a urologist. Other symptoms may be: • A feeling of having to push out urine. • A sensation that the bladder is not emptying. • Increased urinating, especially at night. • An intermittent starting and stopping of the urinary stream After a diagnosis of BPH, many men will just continue to live with the symptoms and subsequent discomfort. It is not a life threatening condition, and there are treatments. In some cases surgery might be considered if the enlargement is significant. DIAGNOSTIC TESTING Prostate cancer can occur in any man but there are certain “risk groups.” Younger African American men appear to have twice the risk and fatalities of Caucasians. Sadly, many are diagnosed before they reach the age of 50. Another risk group is men who have a family history of prostate cancer, placing them in the same group who may contract the disease before the age of 50. The only method to determine whether you are at risk for prostate cancer is diagnostic testing. The earlier you are screened the higher your chances of survival. natural penis enargement technique penis enhancement tool real penis enhancement penis enargement patch natural penis enlarement exercise penis enlargment result penis enlargement fact penis enlargement operation pennis enlargement information
Mumps Definition: Mumps is an acute, contagious, viral illness characterized by painful enlargement of the parotid glands, just below and in front of the ear, and at times, the salivary glands under the jaw and sometimes of the pancreas, ovaries, or testes. Together with the likes of measles and chickenpox , mumps was once considered one of the inevitable infectious diseases of childhood. This disease, mainly affecting children, can be prevented by vaccination. Mumps is characterized by a painful swelling of both cheeks. In some cases, the swelling may occur in only one cheek, or there may be no swelling at all. The word "mumps" comes from an old English word meaning lumps or bumps in the cheeks. Causes of mumps: Mumps is caused by a mumps virus, an RNA virus of the paramyxovirus family of viruses. It spreads from person to person as well as through contact with contaminated items and surfaces. Once the mumps virus enters the body, it passes into the bloodstream and can spread to many different glands and to the brain. Mumps occurs most often in children ages two through twelve, although unvaccinated adults are also susceptible. People with mumps are contagious for about a week before and two weeks after the onset of symptoms, which occurs about two to three weeks after exposure to the mumps virus. Mumps is mainly caused by a virus. The incubation period is from 16-18 days, ranging from 12-25 days after exposure. The period when someone is most infectious to others is from 1-2 days before and 5 days after the onset of swelling in the glands. The chances of getting the disease are greater if you have never received the mumps vaccine. Once you have had mumps you will develop an immunity to it and will not get it again. Mumps is spread through direct contact with saliva, e.g. kissing or sharing objects contaminated with infected saliva (e.g. cups, cutlery). The mumps virus is also present in nasal and throat discharge. Other common causes of mumps includes: Droplets from coughs & sneezes Lack of immunization Symptoms of Mumps: The symptoms and signs of mumps are: The first symptoms usually appear 16 to 18 days after exposure. It begins with fever and pain upon opening the mouth About 1/3 of people have no symptoms. Others can have swollen glands (swollen cheeks), headache, fever, and earache. Sore muscles Loss of appetite Headache Earache that is aggravated by chewing In men and adolescent boys, swelling in one or both testes Aversion to light, lethargy, and a stiff neck Upper abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting Lower abdominal pain in women Temperature is moderately high, usually lasting for 3-4 days. Eating or drinking acidic or citric foods causes much discomfort. Other symptoms may include testicular pain (in males), seizures, stiff neck, and difficulty swallowing. not feeling well The mouth may feel dry. You may feel tired and off your food for a few days. Home remedies for mumps: Some important home remedies for mumps includes: Don't be tart: Avoid giving your child citrus fruits or juices, or any other food that is high in acid, when he or she is suffering from mumps. Ginger powder: A paste made with dry ginger powder and water is applied on the visibly swollen parts. Mullein tea: Apply a cloth soaked in mullein tea to affected areas to help with swelling. Herbal treatment for mumps: Here are some important herbal treatment for mumps: Indian Aloe: The use of the herb Indian aloe is a wellknown remedy in the indigenous system of medicine for any inflamed and painful part of the body. Asparagus: The seeds of asparagus are valuable in mumps. These seeds, combined with an equal proportion of fenugreek (methi) seeds, should be ground together to the consistency of a paste. This paste can be applied over the swellings. Herbs: An acute attack can be managed using the mixture of concentrated extracts of the herbs Rosehips, Hypericum, Phytolacca, Fennel and Chamomile with the Bach Flower Rescue Remedy. This is taken at a dose rate of 15 drops three times daily in water and continued for 6 to 8 weeks. enlargment forum free matter penile size herbal pennis enlargement natural penile enlargement exercise penis enargement tool penis enargement herb pennis enlargement cream natural penis enlagement pills cheap penis enlagement pennis enlargement information
Erectile dysfunction or ED is the inability of a male to keep the erection firm for sexual intercourse. There are large numbers of people who fail to do sex due to such disease. Viagra is a drug for the treatment of such erectile dysfunction in male body. The chemical name for Viagra is sildenafil citrate. It is marketed by Pfizer Inc and is approved by FDA. Viagra works by inhibiting the phosphodiesterase enzymes type 5 in the penis, which increases the blood, flow in it. Due to this the penis gets enlarged and as a result of it, the person gets an erection. This erection ends with ejaculation at the end of the sexual act. Doctor’s consultation is essential before taking a Viagra pill. Tell your doctor about any medication you are going through or if you are suffering from any heart disease, asthma, diabetes or allergy. Viagra should not be taken along with nitrates and alpha-blockers as their medication can contradict each other. It is customary taken an hour before having sex. The effect of the drug remains for 4-5 hours after taking it. Don’t go for more than one dose in a day. During the consumption of Viagra, you may come across certain common side effects such as headache, stomach and facial blushing. . You can consult a doctor in such cases or if any other discomforts such as chest pain, nausea etc occurs. Free online prescriptions are provided to the consumers through a large number of online pharmacies. This acts as a great help to you if you are shy in talking about such sexual health related concerns. You can buy Viagra pill through these online pharmacies to get it delivered at your doorstep. Alternatives and generic versions of Viagra are also available through various online pharmacies. These are: •Levitra – Blocks the enzyme called phosphodiesterase-5 and relaxes smooth muscles in the penis for improved blood flow. •Cialis – A drug launched by Lilly ICOS LLC for treating ED or erectile dysfunction amongst men. •Uprima – An ED treatment drug launched by TAP pharmaceuticals. Relaxes the penis muscles by sending signals to the brains. •Cavertaa – Works on the principles of Viagra and Levitra, which was launched by Ranbaxy laboratories •Silagra – A drug by Cipla pharmaceuticals which dilate arteries for increasing the blood flow in the penis •Edegra – An ED drug by Sun Pharma •Kamagra – It consists of sildenafil citrate as in Viagra, used to treat erectile dysfunction. •Meltabs – This oral lozenge dissolves in mouth and goes in the veins faster for quicker effect. This activity thereby, causes an erection until the completion of an intercourse. •Veega – A low cost version of Levitra. It helps the individual to get sexually aroused sourcing an erection. •Soft tabs – It can be referred as a generic Viagra product . It works by relaxing the penis for better blood flow. Coming back to Viagra, it has helped most of the men with ED in achieving better erections and has a proven safety record. sex vigrx penis enlargment supplement best penis enlagement pills penile enlargement procedure penis elargement pump enlargement free penile pills sample penis enlagement technique penis elargement surgeries pennis enlargement information
Primates are a category of mammals that include humans, apes, lemurs and monkeys. Covering over 185 species, they range from lemurs -with hardly any resemblance to humans- to chimpanzees, which are clearly our own kin. In size, they range from the tiny 60 g bush baby to the huge 200 kg gorilla. Primates are characterized by a complex brain, good binocular vision and means of grasping. In addition, they experience long periods in the womb, followed by slow maturation and elongated lifespan. Africa has the privilege of hosting 51 primate species in habitats varying from forests to savannah woodlands. And new primate species are still being discovered. One of the latest additions is the highland mangabey monkey, whose domicile is the Udzungwa Mountains of southern Tanzania. Scientists were delighted, but nevertheless puzzled when they reported the finding in May 2005; "This exciting discovery demonstrates once again how little we know about our closest living relatives, the nonhuman primates. A large, striking monkey in a country of considerable wildlife research over the last century has been hidden right under our noses," said Russell Mittermeier of the IUCN-The World Conservation Union's Species Survival Commission. Sensing our fascination with nonhuman primates, artists have in response created fictional characters that have turned out to be immensely popular. The most successful of this genre is the story of "Tarzan of the Apes". This romance features an orphaned English lord who was adopted by a female ape and brought up in the African jungle. The writer Edgar Rice Burroughs brought Tarzan-one of the best-known literary characters, to life in 1921. Tarzan, an ape-man character has over the years generated over 40 movies, and numerous radio shows, television programmes and comic books. Primate characters reflect mans complex nature more closely than other animal characters in fiction and mythology. Come to think of it: in this respect, the naughty tree-swinging monkey is more deserving of our respect than haughty king lion. Non-human primates are confined to the tropics, where 80% of them live in rain forests as the dominant mammals. East Africa has few patches of tropical forests where you find the great apes, but the entire region supports many other primate species. Only a few species are not dependent on trees and can survive in savannah and sub desert areas. These include baboons, vervet monkeys and chimpanzees. Not surprisingly, travellers to east Africa are most likely to come across these three species. But most primates still depend on trees or cliffs for security. Only the two most intriguing primate species sleep on the ground-man and gorilla. We shall not discuss these two species in this article and shall cover them in separate features. For now, we shall only able to look at the four most common primates found in East Africa; bush babies, monkeys, baboons and chimpanzees. Primates have complex social organizations and the majority live in female-bonded groups. Scientists speculate that this works as an alliance against aggressive males. Females stay on in their natal group even after maturity, while males exit the group. Feminist fundamentalists may perhaps take a hint in this arrangement? Chimpanzees make an exception to this rule. Very much like humans, female chimps seek an alliance with a male protector, which is recognised and respected by other males. A common feature among primates is evolution of the "primate hand."This is a prehensile hand that is used for climbing and eating, and tool making in the case of apes. Some primates- especially baboons and apes, have such well-developed dexterity of the hand that the tips of the thumb and forefinger meet at right angles. In apes, the dexterity of the hands is very close that of humans -and chimps are a good example. Primates, just like humans, use social grooming as a form of contact communication. Travellers will witness this practice among baboons and vervet monkeys. Grooming is useful for social bonding and is effected by use of the mouth and hands. At a more practical level, it is also used to clean the body of parasites, such as ticks. Grooming underlines hierarchies; a junior member of a group will happily groom its betters. Reproduction in primates is quite varied, but there is much in common with humans. Monkeys and apes, for example, actually do menstruate. A key difference however, is that many primates have distinct breeding seasons. The young are dependent on the mother, but less so than human infants. They enjoy the protection of a fur coat and are able to climb and reach the mothers' teats and cling to her while being transported. Males generally play a marginal role in parental care. Bush babies are a big group of primates, comprising about 18 species found Africa, and of which 11 species live in East Africa. This is one of the smallest but most successful of the primates. There are two main types: the lesser bush baby and the greater bush baby. Both are widely distributed and found in the forested national parks of East Africa. During the day, they hide to avoid harm from eagles and large snakes. In lodges located close to dense forest, such as Shimba Hills in Kenya, bush babies are at night attracted to the dining rooms by sugar and sugary products. They otherwise feed mainly on tree gum and insects. Their technique of catching insects is either by leaping and grabbing or by creeping to within grabbing distance. They have distinct vocal sounds and the name bush baby originated from the piercing baby-like cries or advertising calls of the greater bush baby. Adult males advertise the most, especially in the mating season. Bush babies are easy to like-perhaps on account of their baby-like cries and small innocent looking faces. They are active only after sundown. Extremely agile and sprightly, they use their elongated hind limbs to execute spectacular leaps between trees. Distended finger and toe pads enable them to cling unerringly, leap after leap, to even the most slippery branches. The other small primates like bush babies are pottos. Being small and nocturnal, you will hardly ever see them. Only one species is found in East Africa -in south and west Uganda, far northwest Tanzania and western Kenya in the Mount Elgon and Kakamega forests. Pottos wear a woolly brown jacket and have large protuberant eyes, small rounded naked ears, short muzzles and short stubby tails. They weigh between 0.8 - 1.6kg. Monkeys are a category of dog-shaped primates. They stand and move horizontally on four legs, with head directed forwards and downwards. Consequently, the form and movement is also doglike, particularly for the more terrestrial ones like baboons. Their bottoms are padded with bare "scars" that may appear like wounds. These are called callosities, and their colouration varies with the reproductive season. The phenomenon is most prominent among baboons and is quite puzzling to many travellers. There is a clear distinction in form and structure of the genders in monkeys. This is especially so among baboons, in which females are clearly smaller in body size - by as much as 50% compared males. The posture and movement of monkeys is often a reflection of their social status. The confident monkey appears relaxed and walks with its limbs extended and back level. It surveys its realm casually and is at ease while resting. On the other hand, subordinates walk with back hunched, limbs rather bent and tail low or curved downwards. Dominant males are known to exaggerate their status by walking with a swagger and squatting with obvious ostentation. This behaviour is the subject of many metaphors in African folklore. Monkeys are generally social, though they exhibit occasional rivalry. When attempting to intimidate a rival, a monkey stands at its tallest, with the effect that it looks bigger than it realy is-, which of course is precisely the point. "Filling yourself like a male monkey" is a common teenage statement in Africa, and originates from this practice. Many travellers will have noticed that adult male monkeys like exposing their genitals to impress or maybe intimidate other males. Baboons are especially notorious for this rather unwholesome exhibitionist behaviour. Do not be offended when you find a dominant male, sitting apart on high vantage point, facing away from the troop as he scans the surrounding with legs spread apart to expose the penis. This is a particularly noticeable thing about baboons, or perhaps it is what humans cannot avoid noticing- being so well trained to look down upon such immodest displays. Among the monkeys species found in East Africa are the blue or syke monkey, the vervet monkey and the colobus monkey. Sykes are dark, stoutly built and have round facial disk and no beard. They weigh up to 12kg, with males larger and heavier than females. The body is covered by thick long fur with a brown patch of bristling hair. Sykes are quite widespread in East Africa and can generally be sighted in all forested national parks. But as they as not aware of park boundaries, you will also see them in thick forests and forest reserves outside the parks. They are however slowly being confined to national parks due continuing degradation of protected forests. Sykes mostly feed on fruits and leaves and occasionally insects and flowers. The vervet monkey is light coloured with a black face; males have a pale blue scrotum. This monkey weighs between 5 and 9kg. The vervet is adapted to practically all woodland habitats, outside equatorial rain forests. It does not venture very far from the safety of trees, on which it also depends for food. You will commonly find it on forest edges and is typically associated with riverine vegetation and acacia trees. These monkeys are very friendly to people and almost serve as de facto receptionists in most national parks. When a vertet hops onto your car as you arrive at park gate, it is looking after its own interests. Humans like to feed monkeys and it hopes to save the lots of energy and the risk involved in natural foraging in the bush. However, it is illegal to feed monkeys or any wildlife in all parks in East Africa. Also be warned- these monkeys can bite if scared. Their teeth and claws can inflict serious injuries and you should therefore avoid close bodily contact. Vervet monkeys are omnivorous and consume a wide range of plant materials like fruits, seeds, sap, and flowers. They also feed on invertebrates and have sometimes balance the vegetarian fare with vertebrates such as lizards and nestling birds and their eggs. They are often found in the same areas as baboons with which they share many foods, water holes and sleeping trees. The baboon is however not good company for vervets; it is without mercy for its smaller relative. When they compete for food, vervets are supplanted and baboons will occasionally feed on young vervets. Vervet monkeys are territorial and live in troops of between 8-50 members. Their troops are organized in a hierarchy of families whose members sleep, forage and rest together. Males move out as they reach maturity at about the age of 5 years, while females remain in a female-bonded society. They pass on hereditary privileges: a mother's rank predetermines that of the daughter. The baboon is the other very common primate in the savannahs of East Africa. It is a large, terrestrial monkey with a dog like head. Indeed its scientific name is, papio cynocephalus -here cynocephalus means "dog-headed." They weigh up to 50 kg, with males reaching up to twice the weight of females. Their limbs are sturdy, nearly equal in length while hands and feet are short and wide with stubby digits. The females have very prominent sexual swellings. Baboons in East Africa appear in two common species - olive and yellow baboons. Next to humans, baboons are the best adapted of the terrestrial primates. For this reason, they are the most widespread African primate- to be found from savannah to arid habitats, so long as there is water and trees or just cliffs. Most travellers will see baboons on the highways, in many places across the region. They live well enough outside protected areas, such as national parks. They are serious crop pests and are even classified as vermin -not wildlife- but in parts of Kenya. A baboons' menu include grasses, flowers, fruits, seeds and shoots. In the dry season, they uproot grasses and feed on the underground stems, a niche they share with no other mammal except warthogs. Beware that baboons are fierce fighters and with group work can confront and scare off a sharp predator such as leopard. Because of their well-developed taste for fruits and other foods humans are partial to, baboons tend to stalk visitors in national parks. In some cases they supplement their diet with vertebrate prey: fish, lizards and young of ground nesting birds, and bird or crocodile eggs. Baboons live in troops ranging from 8 to over 200 animals, but typically average about 40. Troops tend to avoid one another but may occasionally share resources. Their social organization is highly complex and variable; they are able to display emotion and can communicate motivation. Females remain in the troop, with a reproductive strategy grounded on male supremacy. The colobus monkey is another common primate that is the subject of many parables in Africa. The black and white colobus are especially priced for their beautiful coat, which has traditionally been used as ceremonial attire. The colobus is found only in Africa and has a long tail and hairs. The body weight reaches up to 23 kg. Both the black and white species are well adapted and have inherited many kinds of forest woodlands throughout East Africa. They live up at the trees and rarely descend to the ground. This rather shy animal is not easily sighted in the open and you are more likely to see or hear them in thick woodlands and forested parks. The apes are a category of primates represented in Africa by gorilla, chimpanzees and bonobo. Genetically, they are the closest primates to man. The apes have very advanced social and communication systems. They come close to humans in the use of facial expressions and body language; using both arms and hands. Apart from mother-infant contact, apes groom each other in the usual primate fashion- rank determines who grooms whom. Apes are particularly adept at tactile communications; that is use of touch. They seek and give reassurance by touching each other - just like we do -on the most sensitive areas like hands, face and genitals. Apes are slow to mature, with the young reaching adolescence at about the age of 8 years. Females bring forth their first fruits in their early teens, much earlier than males who rarely start procreating before reaching 15 years. All apes build nests- in this case, a platform on which to sleep securely at night: chimps up the trees and gorillas on the ground. Generally all the apes are endangered and vulnerable. The problem is that they occur naturally in very small densities and face immediate threat of habitat loss throughout their ranges. The situation is further compounded by the fact that they perpetuate themselves at a rather slow pace. The other risk is the bush meat trade that goes on in some parts of Africa, which takes them out in large numbers every year. The situation deteriorated after the 1980's, when many previously inaccessible tracts of rainforest were opened up for logging. Although apes are not known to eat humans, there are reports of their killing human babies in western Uganda - especially in Bwindi and Kibale forests. This phenomenon is as yet unexplained and is very puzzling to primate researchers Chimpanzees are large, hairy and tailless; females weigh between 30-40 kg, while males can reach 180 kg. They have big heads, flattened face with a small nose and forward facing eyes. They have same number and type of teeth as man. The chimp is indeed our closet living relative, sharing 98% of our genes and much of our behaviour. The chimp and mountain gorilla are the only great apes found naturally is East Africa. Seeing chimps in the wild is an exhilarating experience. And Uganda is the best country in the world to view chimps in their natural habitat. In Uganda, you encounter chimps at Queen Elizabeth National Park and Kibale and Budingo forest. In Tanzania, you see them at Gombe National Park, to the north west of the country. Kenya has no naturally occurring chimps population, but at Nanyuki in the central region, there is a sanctuary for chimps rescued from the illegal trade going on in parts of central and West Africa. Chimps are mainly found in rainforest and wet savannah. They are less robustly built than gorillas; their arms are shorter, reaching just below the knees and the hands and fingers are long with short thumbs. The feet are adapted for grasping, with long, stout opposable big toe. Chimpanzees feed mainly on fruits mostly gathered from trees and the young leaves of plants. They also feed on flowers, pith, and bark and also derive additional nutrients from insects and some meat too- young antelopes, goats, and other primates such as young baboons and colobus monkeys. Chimps are articulate tool users- a clear sign of a hard working brain. They can pick up small objects between thumbs and side of the index finger. They possess the acumen to prepare and use grass stems and sticks to fish for insects. A female on heat may mate with several males. It gives birth to a single off spring, which is independent after about 4 years. The chimps are individualistic and do not live in cohesive groups like gorillas or monkeys. They live in communities, with up to 100 animals sharing a common home range. But they never assemble in a single troop. Jane Goodall, in her book "The Chimpanzees of Gombe", has shown that chimps, in common with humans, engage in some very disagreeable behaviour. Males occasionally rape females and engage in internecine warfare. Dr. Goodall has reported that from early 1974, a brutal four-year war raged in Gombe between two chimp groups that resulted in the decimation of one group. The best way to see the primates of East Africa is by taking a combined Kenya and Uganda safari. On such as safari, you will of course see the other wildlife East Africa is famed for, but be sure that the locations where primates are found are covered. On safari, wear light cottons and linen. But also pack some warmer clothing, as the evenings and early mornings can be quite chilly. Some rainwear is advisable between March and June and October and December. You should bring along a decent pair of sunglasses and a pair of binoculars. They are very useful for spotting animals and you will be the envy of your less knowledgeable traveling companions Copyright © Africa Point